Pickover/Pickover_03


How many numbers have at least one digit -- a three? In the first 10 numbers, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 there is only one number which contain the digit 3. This means that 1/10 or 10% of the numbers have the number 1 in the first 10 numbers. In the first 100 numbers the occurrence of numbers with at least one three seems to be growing. In fact there are 19 numbers: 3,13,23,33,43,53,63,73,83,93, 30,31,32,34,35,36,37,38,39. This means that about 19% of the digits contain the number 3 in the first 100 numbers.

We can make a table showing the percentage of numbers with at least one 3-digit for the first N numbers.
N        %
10       1
100      19
1000     27
10000    34

The percentages rapidly increase to 100% indicating that almost all of the numbers have a 3 in them! In fact, a formula describing the proportion of 3's can be written: 1-(9/10)**N. The proportion gets very close to 1 as N increases.